Hello everyone. today we will talk about 3 of many master pieces in the Egyptian Museum
Narmer Pallet
Statue of king Khasekhemwy
Statue of king Djeser
before we start the description , we have to mention the history of building the meuseum
Museum History
The Egyptian government, established the 'Service des Antiques de l'Egypt ' in 1835
mainly to halt the plundering pf archeological of the collected artifacts owned by the government
The Azbakian garden in Cairo was the first used as a storage ploace for these artifacts. The collection was later transferred to another building in the citadel of Saladin
In 1858, a museum was prepared at Boulaq, its contents collected by the French archeologist August Mariette. In 1880, the contents of the Boulaq museum was transferred to an annex of the Giza palace of Ismail pasha, the ruler of Egypt
The present museum was built in 1900, in the neo-classical style by the French architect Marcel Dourignon at Tahrir square
Steps of explaining
Time - during which dynasty
Place & Date of discovery
Material
Measures
Historical Background
Description
The Narmer Palette
it dates back to the predynastic period
it was discovered in Hierakonpolis El kom elAhmar in 1897-98
Its made out of Gray schist
No measures here
Its function to commomorate victory of the king, Narmer, the uniter of the two lands
Description
the upper part of the both sides decorated with 2 heads of goddess Hathor in the form of a cow, flanking the royal name of king written in Serkh, with two hieroglyphics sings "ner" as a fish and a chiel "mer" ner mer
In Recto
The king is showing in a standing position, submitting a kneeling enemy of Delta inhabitants and wearing a 
short skirt called "shndyt" and the white crown of Upper Egypt
short skirt called "shndyt" and the white crown of Upper EgyptHe is raising a hand and holding a mace with his right arm, and that tail which attached to his back, as a sign of power. The king is followed by a Sandal bearer, standing on a subregister
in front of him there is a representation of Falcon God "Horus" as a protecting the kingship, he representing holding a presoner by a row in his nose standing on a bundle of plants sympolizing the submission of Delta
In the Lower regester there are two slain enemies accompained by the names of their countries
In Verso
there are 3 regesters under the cow goddes and king name in a Serekh
upper one we can see a represtation of the triomphe procession in which the king showing is standing wearing the red crown of lower Egypt
he is holding in his Right hand the "nkhkha" as a sign of authority and in his other hand a mace
in front of him an accending viier and four persons holding flags and standers
in the right part of the upper regiter, ten headless enemies standing in 2 rows
Middle Regester: there are 2 longer long-necked animals, twisted round one another, each one of them is controlled by a row around its neck . Row was healed by 2 servents, these 2 animals represented the unifation of the 2 lands
Lower Regester: King is showing in the form of a strong bull destroying a fortress and tramphling on one of it's inhabitans
Statue of king Khasekhemwi
It dates back to the second dynasty, old kingdom
It's one of the 2 statues deposed by himself in the temple of Hierakonpolis in 1898
Its made out of Green schist
Its less than life size
King Kha'sekhmwy is the last king of the second dynasty. During his rign there was a revolution and he suppressed it after this submission, he changed his name to Horus-Set Khasekhemwy and Egypt was under the protection of 2 gods
King here appears seating on the throne with short back
on the base of its base there are inscriptions of the numbers of enemies that he over comes approxmately 47.209
he is wearing the white crown of Upper Egypt and long sleaved tonic floated at the breast and reached to his knee
his right arm raised open his thigh, although the left one bented and resting his fist on the right arm
Statue of king Djeser
Its from the 3rd dynasty, old kindgom
It was discovered in the small chapel called "Serdab" built in front of his step pyramid
Its made out of lime stone
Its life-size statue and the first old one found in Egypt
King Djeser is the founder of the third dynasty, the owner of the funerary complex at Saqqara, his complex and statue is the olldest building of stone in the whole ancient world. The first attempt to build a tomb in a pyramidal form was represented in the Step Pyramid of Djeser at Saqqara
Djoser is famed for having invented stone-built architesture with the help of his architect and vizier Imhotep
As we can seem king Djeser in a steated posission, and seating on a throne with a high back
at the base of that throne, his Horus name "Ntry Kht" which means the Divine Body
He is wearing a black wig surrounded by the headdress "Nemes" and the royal fale beard attached to his chin
He crossed his right arm open to his chist and the left arm is resting on his thigh. He is wearing sleeve long tonic of his Jubilee festival "hep sed", the king wears also the tail of a bull and performs a symbolic running with the Apis bull
The kings celebrated the Sed festival to renew their youth and thus extend their reigns, it was a symbolic celebration
By \ Amr Zaki
